Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has long utilized Cordyceps, a fungus known for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Supplementation with cordyceps is believed to provide advantages such as:
- Increased exercise performance
- Boosted immunity
- Reduced inflammation
- Improved heart health
- Lower blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes
Some people even believe that cordyceps may have anti-aging and anti-cancer properties.
In the United States, dietary supplements are not subject to the same regulations as drugs, which means the FDA does not assess their safety and efficacy before they are released into the market. To ensure safe usage, opt for supplements that have been tested by reputable third-party organizations like USP, ConsumerLabs, or NSF.
While supplements may undergo third-party testing, it does not guarantee universal safety or effectiveness. Thus, it is crucial to consult with your healthcare provider regarding any intended supplements and inquire about possible interactions with other medications or supplements.
Supplement Facts
- Active Ingredient(s): Cordycepin, polysaccharides, sterols, fatty acids, phenolic compounds
- Alternate Name(s): Cordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps sobolifera, Cordyceps barnesii, Cordyceps hyphae, Cordyceps ophioglossoides, Cordyceps militaris, caterpillar fungus, cordyceps mushroom
- Legal Status: Legal, available over-the-counter (OTC)
- Suggested Dose: There is not enough evidence to suggest a standard dose for cordyceps.
- Safety Considerations: Mild side effects are possible when taking cordyceps. However, the safety of long-term use of cordyceps is unknown.
Nutrition Facts
The healing properties of the cordyceps mushroom can be attributed to its abundance of antioxidants, enzymes and vitamins, which form a diverse nutritional profile. Within this profile, several compounds have been recognized, such as:
- Cordycepin
- Cordycepic acid
- N-acetylgalactosamine
- Adenosine
- Ergosterol and ergosteryl esters
- Bioxanthracenes
- Hypoxanthine
- Acid deoxyribonuclease
- Superoxide dismutase
- Protease
- Dipicolinic acid
- Lectin
Uses of Cordyceps
Although there are more than 400 known species of cordyceps, the ones typically found in supplements are artificially produced.
Cordyceps is commonly utilized in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as a natural solution to enhance energy. Advocates suggest that cordyceps has potential benefits in warding off health conditions such as tiredness, hypertension, respiratory illnesses, inflammation, and disorders of the kidneys. Additionally, certain herbalists contend that cordyceps may heighten libido, retard the aging process, and offer protection against cancer.
However, much of the research on cordyceps has been completed on animal models or in lab settings. More human trials are needed before recommending cordyceps for health purposes. Supplement use should be individualized and vetted by a healthcare professional, such as a registered dietitian, pharmacist, or doctor. No supplement is intended to treat, cure, or prevent a disease.
Athletic Performance
Studies on cordyceps’ ability to improve performance have produced inconsistent outcomes.
During the ’90s, the use of cordyceps-containing supplements was credited by the Chinese track and field coach for the numerous world records achieved by their athletes, leading to the belief that it enhances athletic performance.
After three weeks of daily cordyceps supplementation, a study discovered that the maximum oxygen intake (VO2 max) in young adults was gradually increased. The researchers inferred that this indicates cordyceps could enhance an athlete’s ability to withstand high-intensity exercise.
Since the study conducted regarding cordyceps was limited in both scope and duration, it remains uncertain whether continuing the use of cordyceps as a supplement for an extended period of time would lead to improved exercise tolerance without risk. To ensure efficacy and safety, further human trials must be carried out before making claims about the suitability of cordyceps as a supplement for athletes.
Diabetes
For quite some time, cordyceps has been utilized in conventional medicine as a remedy for diabetes.
Although a few animal studies have examined the effects, there are no reliable human studies available. Nonetheless, it is not advisable to use animal studies on cordyceps and other supplements as a basis for human consumption.
According to a study, administering cordyceps extract to mice with diabetes for four weeks resulted in an improvement in their cholesterol levels and weight gain. The study also found that cordyceps has the ability to safeguard the beta cells that produce insulin. Although, cordyceps did not bring about any significant changes in the blood sugar levels or insulin resistance of the mice.
In animal models, cordycepin found in cordyceps has been linked to antidiabetic properties. According to a recent analysis of multiple studies, cordycepin’s ability to regulate genes may be responsible for its potential impact on diabetes.
These results were obtained through research on nonhuman animals and, as a result, cannot be utilized to identify benefits for humans.
Hyperlipidemia
It is thought that Cordyceps possesses strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may aid in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia, or elevated levels of fats in the bloodstream. Cordycepin, a bioactive element found in Cordyceps, is responsible for much of these benefits. Additionally, the presence of polysaccharides or carbohydrates within Cordyceps has also proven beneficial.
The usage of cordyceps in animal studies has been associated with the reduction of hyperlipidemia. One investigation found that a polysaccharide derived from cordyceps brought down the overall cholesterol and triglyceride levels in hamsters.
Cordycepin has been linked to enhancements in hyperlipidemia in prior research due to its resemblance to adenosine, a chemical that naturally occurs in the human body and is necessary during the breakdown and metabolism of fats.
Before making health claims regarding cordyceps, it is imperative to conduct human trials, as is the case with most research pertaining to cordyceps.
Increases Immune Function
Studies indicate that the consumption of cordyceps may enhance immune function and promote optimal health of various bodily systems, including cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, and reproductive systems. This is due to the presence of anti-inflammatory compounds such as polysaccharides, modified nucleosides, and cyclosporines.
Cordyceps could be particularly advantageous in addressing conditions associated with inflammation, including leaky gut, arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and asthma. According to a study by Chung Shan Medical University Hospital involving animal models, it was found that cordyceps exhibited potential in reducing airway inflammation in mice, indicating that it could be useful in treating asthma.
Slows Aging and Promotes Mental Clarity
Rich in antioxidants, Cordyceps can combat the harmful effects of free radicals, alleviate oxidative stress, and promote better health by reducing the signs of aging. Although there is only a limited amount of research on the impact of this medicinal fungus on aging in humans, animal studies indicate that it can enhance cognitive function, improve memory, and contribute to a longer lifespan.
As an illustration, Phytotherapy Research published an animal model study indicating that the consumption of cordyceps extract raised the levels of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the bloodstream. Furthermore, it aided in enhancing mental capacity and sexual performance in elderly rats.
Likewise, a research conducted on animals in China demonstrated the remarkable anti-aging effects of cordyceps extract by significantly elongating the life spans of fruit flies through the inhibition of cellular oxidative stress.
Enhances Sexual Function
Historically, cordyceps tonics were consumed by individuals of both genders to boost sexual desire and enhance reproductive capacity. Animal studies suggest that incorporating cordyceps supplements into one’s diet can lead to better utilization of oxygen and improved blood circulation, both of which are crucial for optimal physical and sexual wellbeing.
Cordyceps may enhance fertility and libido due to its potential to boost endurance, raise energy levels, and reduce inflammation. As a result, it can be utilized as a natural solution for impotence and infertility.
Regulates Blood Sugar Levels
The physiological effects of cordyceps, which include regulating insulin and blood sugar levels, are attributed in part to two active ingredients: d-mannitol cordycepin and 3’-deoxyadenosine. Cordyceps supplements have been shown to be effective in animal models to lower high blood sugar and protect against insulin resistance by reducing insulin levels.
Supports Heart Health
Studies have shown a significant correlation between cordyceps and heart health. They have the potential to safeguard the heart from harm, reduce cholesterol levels and prevent coronary heart disease. An example of this is a study conducted on animals which appeared in Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. The study revealed that cordyceps extract was beneficial in reducing harm to the heart and liver in rats that suffered from kidney disease.
Additional studies conducted on animals indicate that cordyceps has the potential to decrease the levels of harmful LDL cholesterol, which consequently reduces the likelihood of developing arteriosclerosis – a medical condition identified by the accumulation of plaque in the arteries, increasing the possibility of experiencing heart attack and stroke. Moreover, various animal models demonstrate that cordyceps possesses the ability to reduce high triglyceride levels, which contributes to a crucial risk factor for heart illness.
May Help Fight Cancer Cells
Cordyceps has shown potential as having strong anti-cancer properties based on various in vitro studies, which indicate that it could hinder the growth and propagation of several types of cancer. These studies propose that cordyceps extract could be effective in decreasing the expansion of cells linked with liver, lung, and colorectal cancer.
Nevertheless, cordyceps’ ability to combat cancer goes beyond the mere inhibition of cancerous growth.
Research conducted on animals has demonstrated that medicinal mushrooms are capable of lowering the likelihood of adverse reactions brought about by cancer treatment, like leukopenia, which is a condition that chemotherapy or radiation could trigger, causing a decline in the number of white blood cells and elevating the risk of serious infections and illnesses.
Combats Stress and Supports Mental Health
The journal Molecules published a study that explored the various therapeutic benefits of medicinal mushrooms. The research revealed that cordyceps have the potential to act as nutraceuticals, aiding mental health by combatting both external stressors and oxidative stress within the body.
Promotes Restful Sleep
An Asian research investigated if cordycepin found in cordyceps has the ability to enhance natural sleep in rats. The findings of the investigation illustrate that cordycepin augments nonrapid eye movement sleep in rats.
In addition, the authors suggest that “…this study could serve as fundamental proof of cordycepin’s potential benefits for individuals experiencing sleep disturbances.”
Similar Supplements
There are numerous claimed applications for Cordyceps, all of which may overlap with other supplements. Other supplements that could be comparable to Cordyceps are:
- Beetroot juice has also been examined for its role in athletic performance. Studies have shown that using beetroot juice may improve efficiency, cardiorespiratory performance, and oxygen intake.
- Chromium is a trace mineral involved in insulin response. Although research results have been mixed, some show that chromium may help people with diabetes control their blood sugar.
- Omega-3 fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have long been linked to better heart health. At a dose of four grams daily, omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to reduce triglyceride levels in the blood by more than 30%.
It is generally recommended to use only one supplement for each intended use. If you are unsure which supplement is suitable for you, seek advice from your healthcare provider for further details.
Risks and Side Effects
Although generally safe for consumption, individuals should be mindful of potential side effects and interactions associated with cordyceps, particularly those with pre-existing medical conditions or taking specific medications.
If you are pregnant or nursing, it is recommended that you avoid consuming cordyceps, or seek advice from a medical professional prior to beginning supplementation. As there is a lack of cordyceps human studies focused on its effects during pregnancy, it is prudent to err on the side of caution to prevent any harmful side effects.
Doctors caution that for individuals with documented autoimmune diseases such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or multiple sclerosis, cordyceps may exacerbate the issue. Cordyceps can interfere with medications for these illnesses or over-stimulate specific immune cells as they foster the immune system. Before ingesting them, it is crucial to consult with a physician.
Individuals with a bleeding or blood clot disorder should take heed of this caution as medicinal mushrooms may potentially disrupt correct blood clotting. Within two weeks prior to any planned surgical procedure, it is advisable to refrain from consuming cordyceps because of its impact on blood clotting.
Side notes
- Cordyceps are a type of mushroom that have been used medicinally for centuries and are associated with many beneficial effects on health.
- Some of the potential cordyceps benefits include improved immunity and heart health, slowed aging, enhanced athletic performance and sexual function, better blood sugar levels, and protection against cancer cell growth and development.
- Available primarily in capsule, tablet and powder form, the exact mushroom dosage can vary based on the specific type of supplement you’re using, but most studies have used between 1,000–3,000 milligrams daily.
- Although safe for use in most people, people with autoimmune disorders and blood clot disorders should discuss with their doctors before starting supplementation. Additionally, because cordyceps fungus human studies looking at the effects on pregnancy are limited, women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should limit use as well.
- When paired with a nutritious diet, active lifestyle and a rotation of other medicinal mushrooms, adding these mushrooms to your routine can bring some serious health benefits in the long run.
For centuries, Cordyceps, a type of fungus that predominantly thrives in Asia, has been utilized in traditional medicine.
Further investigation is required, but cordyceps has been examined for its potential to enhance athletic performance, treat diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and various other health issues. Cordyceps has minimal side effects and precautions; However, it is essential to follow the recommended dosage and instructions. Before taking cordyceps supplements, it is advised to consult with a healthcare professional to ensure it is a suitable choice.